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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

5.2.1 - Possibility of ownership of IPR for startups in innovation procurement

Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) is an important factor for startups and their growth. Rights transfer to a contracting company can act as a deterrent for startup participation, whose intensive efforts in developing innovative solutions must be safeguarded and preserved.

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  • 2023
  • 2024
  • 2025
100% YES
50% YES | PARTIALLY
0% NO
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023 76%
2024 65%
2025 73%

5.2.2 - Intellectual property receipts as percentage of total trade

Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) is an important factor for startups and their growth. Rights transfer to a contracting company can act as a deterrent for startup participation, whose intensive efforts in developing innovative solutions must be safeguarded and preserved.

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  • 2023
  • 2024
  • 2025
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023 26%
2024 26%
2025 25%

5.2.3 - Existence of exceptions for public sector IPR ownership based on overriding public interests

Ownership of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) is an important factor for startups and their growth. Rights transfer to a contracting company can act as a deterrent for startup participation, whose intensive efforts in developing innovative solutions must be safeguarded and preserved.

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Select one year at a time

  • 2023
  • 2024
  • 2025
100% YES IN EXCEPTIONAL CASES DUE TO OVERRIDING PUBLIC INTEREST
0% NO ANY EXCEPTION BESIDES CASES OF OVERRIDDING PUBLIC INTEREST
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023 29%
2024 35%
2025 26%