Skip to content

Direct access to finance

6.1.1 - Existence of equity instruments funded by the RRF

Direct access to finance refers to publicly backed financing instruments that enhance startups’ access to equity, quasi-equity, and non-equity funding. Governments use these tools not merely to disburse grants or subsidies, but to expand the overall supply of venture capital (VC) and improve the depth of early-stage markets.

Filter by years

Select one year at a time

  • 2025
100% Yes
50% Yes With no clear evidence
0% No
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023 63%
2024 70%
2025 43%

6.1.2 - Existence of public grants, loans and other non-equity instruments

Direct access to finance refers to publicly backed financing instruments that enhance startups’ access to equity, quasi-equity, and non-equity funding. Governments use these tools not merely to disburse grants or subsidies, but to expand the overall supply of venture capital (VC) and improve the depth of early-stage markets.

Filter by years

Select one year at a time

  • 2025
100% Yes
50% Yes With no clear evidence
0% No
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023
2024
2025 100%

6.1.3 - Utilisation of EIB, promotional banks and dedicated vehicles distributing funds to established/professional VCs

Direct access to finance refers to publicly backed financing instruments that enhance startups’ access to equity, quasi-equity, and non-equity funding. Governments use these tools not merely to disburse grants or subsidies, but to expand the overall supply of venture capital (VC) and improve the depth of early-stage markets.

Filter by years

Select one year at a time

  • 2025
100% Yes
50% Yes With no clear evidence
0% No
Average overall score
ESNA
ESNA
2023
2024
2025 83%